Comparison of phronesis in Heidegger and Mulla Sadra's thoughts

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Abstract

Phronesis is comparable both in terms of its existence and essence in Heidegger’s and Mullā Sadrā’s thoughts. Heidegger believes in the superiority of phronesis over different aspects of Dasein's disclosedness and revelation such as episteme, techne and sophia, while following Aristotle’s viewpoint, Mullā Sadrā maintains that sophia could be human’s original contingency and mentions that sophia has superiority over all sciences even phronesis. On the other hand, although Mulla Sadra has openly spoken about the superiority of sophia, he has noted the unity of sophia and phronesis to achieve happiness. Moreover, these two philosophers’ opinions in issue, doer, end, and essence of phronesis are comparable. Following Aristotle, Mullā Sadrā believes that phronesis subject is human’s soul and its evolution, while Heidegger maintains that phronesis subject is from Dasein's existence. Such an attitude about subject, doer, end, and essence dominates phronesis, so that Heidegger considers phronesis as an aspect of Dasein's existence and Mulla Sadra considers it as an aspect of knowledge. However, both of these philosophers consider the end of phronesis as the achievement of human to the existence of the original, while they have given different definitions of the existence of the original based on their different bases. According to Mullā Sadrā, the existence of the original is remarkable due to the attention to the origin and resurrection, while Heidegger’s definition of the existence of the original is not directed toward the origin and resurrection, but instead focuses on issues such as self-discovery, attendance, and attention to death.     

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References

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New Intellectual Research
Volume 3, Issue 5 - Serial Number 5
September 2018
Pages 9-31

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